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<title>Dust devil</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Dust devil</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="Dust_devil_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dust devil (disambiguation)">Dust devil (disambiguation)</a>.</div>

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</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Dust devil</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">A dust devil in <a href="Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area of occurrence</th><td class="infobox-data">Primarily <a href="Temperate" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperate">temperate</a> and <a href="Tropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical">tropical</a> regions</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Season</th><td class="infobox-data">Most common in summer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Effect</th><td class="infobox-data">Dust and debris lofted into air, possibly <a href="Severe_weather#High_redoing_weather_infoboxwinds" title="Severe weather">wind damage</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

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</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="Weather" title="Weather">Weather</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Season" title="Season">Temperate and polar seasons</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Winter" title="Winter">Winter</a></li>

<li><a href="Spring_(season)" title="Spring (season)">Spring</a></li>

<li><a href="Summer" title="Summer">Summer</a></li>

<li><a href="Autumn" title="Autumn">Autumn</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Tropics" title="Tropics">Tropical seasons</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Dry_season" title="Dry season">Dry season</a>

<ul><li><a href="Harmattan" title="Harmattan">Harmattan</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Wet_season" title="Wet season">Wet season</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Storm" title="Storm">Storms</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Cloud" title="Cloud">Cloud</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cumulonimbus_cloud" title="Cumulonimbus cloud">Cumulonimbus cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Arcus_cloud" title="Arcus cloud">Arcus cloud</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Downburst" title="Downburst">Downburst</a>

<ul><li><a href="Microburst" class="mw-redirect" title="Microburst">Microburst</a></li>

<li><a href="Heat_burst" title="Heat burst">Heat burst</a></li>

<li><a href="Derecho" title="Derecho">Derecho</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Lightning" title="Lightning">Lightning</a>

<ul><li><a href="Volcanic_lightning" title="Volcanic lightning">Volcanic lightning</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Thunderstorm" title="Thunderstorm">Thunderstorm</a>

<ul><li><a href="Air-mass_thunderstorm" title="Air-mass thunderstorm">Air-mass thunderstorm</a></li>

<li><a href="Thundersnow" title="Thundersnow">Thundersnow</a></li>

<li><a href="Dry_thunderstorm" title="Dry thunderstorm">Dry thunderstorm</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Mesocyclone" title="Mesocyclone">Mesocyclone</a>

<ul><li><a href="Supercell" title="Supercell">Supercell</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Tornado" title="Tornado">Tornado</a>

<ul><li><a href="Anticyclonic_tornado" title="Anticyclonic tornado">Anticyclonic tornado</a></li>

<li><a href="Landspout" title="Landspout">Landspout</a></li>

<li><a href="Waterspout" title="Waterspout">Waterspout</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Fire_whirl" title="Fire whirl">Fire whirl</a></li>

<li><a href="Anticyclone" class="mw-redirect" title="Anticyclone">Anticyclone</a></li>

<li><a href="Cyclone" title="Cyclone">Cyclone</a></li>

<li><a href="Polar_low" title="Polar low">Polar low</a></li>

<li><a href="Extratropical_cyclone" title="Extratropical cyclone">Extratropical cyclone</a>

<ul><li><a href="European_windstorm" title="European windstorm">European windstorm</a></li>

<li><a href="Nor'easter" title="Nor'easter">Nor'easter</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Subtropical_cyclone" title="Subtropical cyclone">Subtropical cyclone</a></li>

<li><a href="Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">Tropical cyclone</a>

<ul><li><a href="Atlantic_hurricane" title="Atlantic hurricane">Atlantic hurricane</a></li>

<li><a href="Typhoon" title="Typhoon">Typhoon</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Storm_surge" title="Storm surge">Storm surge</a></li>

<li><a href="Dust_storm" title="Dust storm">Dust storm</a>

<ul><li><a href="Simoom" title="Simoom">Simoom</a></li>

<li><a href="Haboob" title="Haboob">Haboob</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Monsoon" title="Monsoon">Monsoon</a>

<ul><li><a href="Amihan" title="Amihan">Amihan</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sirocco" title="Sirocco">Sirocco</a></li>

<li><a href="Firestorm" title="Firestorm">Firestorm</a></li>

<li><a href="Winter_storm" title="Winter storm">Winter storm</a>

<ul><li><a href="Ice_storm" title="Ice storm">Ice storm</a></li>

<li><a href="Blizzard" title="Blizzard">Blizzard</a></li>

<li><a href="Ground_blizzard" title="Ground blizzard">Ground blizzard</a></li>

<li><a href="Snow_squall" title="Snow squall">Snow squall</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Precipitation" title="Precipitation">Precipitation</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Drizzle" title="Drizzle">Drizzle</a>

<ul><li><a href="Freezing_drizzle" title="Freezing drizzle">Freezing</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Graupel" title="Graupel">Graupel</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Megacryometeor" title="Megacryometeor">Megacryometeor</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Ice_pellets" title="Ice pellets">Ice pellets</a></li>

<li><a href="Diamond_dust" title="Diamond dust">Diamond dust</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Freezing_rain" title="Freezing rain">Freezing</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Cloudburst" title="Cloudburst">Cloudburst</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Rain_and_snow_mixed" title="Rain and snow mixed">Rain and snow mixed</a></li>

<li><a href="Snow_grains" title="Snow grains">Snow grains</a></li>

<li><a href="Snow_roller" title="Snow roller">Snow roller</a></li>

<li><a href="Slush" title="Slush">Slush</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Index_of_meteorology_articles" title="Index of meteorology articles">Topics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Air_pollution" title="Air pollution">Air pollution</a></li>

<li><a href="Atmosphere" title="Atmosphere">Atmosphere</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><ul><li><a href="Atmospheric_chemistry" title="Atmospheric chemistry">Chemistry</a></li>

<li><a href="Atmospheric_convection" title="Atmospheric convection">Convection</a></li>

<li><a href="Atmospheric_physics" title="Atmospheric physics">Physics</a></li>

<li><a href="Atmospheric_river" title="Atmospheric river">River</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Climate" title="Climate">Climate</a></li>

<li><a href="Cloud" title="Cloud">Cloud</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cloud_physics" title="Cloud physics">Physics</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Fog_season" title="Fog season">Season</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Jet_stream" title="Jet stream">Jet stream</a></li>

<li><a href="Meteorology" title="Meteorology">Meteorology</a></li>

<li><a href="Severe_weather" title="Severe weather">Severe weather</a>

<li><a href="Extreme_weather" title="Extreme weather">Extreme</a></li>

<li>Severe weather terminology

<ul><li><a href="Severe_weather_terminology_(Canada)" title="Severe weather terminology (Canada)">Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="Severe_weather_terminology_(Japan)" title="Severe weather terminology (Japan)">Japan</a></li>

<li><a href="Severe_weather_terminology_(United_States)" title="Severe weather terminology (United States)">United States</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Weather_forecasting" title="Weather forecasting">Weather forecasting</a></li>

<li><a href="Weather_modification" title="Weather modification">Weather modification</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Glossaries</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Glossary_of_meteorology" title="Glossary of meteorology">Meteorology</a></li>

<li><a href="Glossary_of_climate_change" title="Glossary of climate change">Climate change</a></li>

<li><a href="Glossary_of_tornado_terms" title="Glossary of tornado terms">Tornado terms</a></li>

<li><a href="Glossary_of_tropical_cyclone_terms" title="Glossary of tropical cyclone terms">Tropical cyclone terms</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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<span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> </span><a href="Portal%3AWeather" title="Portal:Weather">Weather portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

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<p>A <b>dust devil</b> (also known regionally as a <b>dirt devil</b>) is a strong, well-formed, and relatively short-lived <a href="Whirlwind" title="Whirlwind">whirlwind</a>. Its size ranges from small (18 in/half a metre wide and a few yards/metres tall) to large (more than 30 ft/10 m wide and more than half a mile/1 km tall). The primary vertical motion is upward. Dust devils are usually harmless, but can on rare occasions grow large enough to pose a threat to both people and property.<sup id="cite_ref-Glossary_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glossary-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>They are comparable to <a href="Tornado" title="Tornado">tornadoes</a> in that both are a weather phenomenon involving a vertically oriented rotating column of wind. Most tornadoes are associated with a larger parent circulation, the <a href="Mesocyclone" title="Mesocyclone">mesocyclone</a> on the back of a <a href="Supercell" title="Supercell">supercell</a> <a href="Thunderstorm" title="Thunderstorm">thunderstorm</a>. Dust devils form as a swirling updraft under sunny conditions during fair weather, rarely coming close to the intensity of a tornado.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formation">Formation</h2></div>

<p>Dust devils form when a pocket of hot air near the surface rises quickly through cooler air above it, forming an updraft. If conditions are just right, the updraft may begin to rotate. As the air rapidly rises, the column of hot air is stretched vertically, thereby moving mass closer to the axis of rotation, which causes intensification of the spinning effect by <a href="Conservation_of_angular_momentum" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation of angular momentum">conservation of angular momentum</a>. The <a href="Secondary_flow#Tornadoes_and_dust_devils" title="Secondary flow">secondary flow</a> in the dust devil causes other hot air to speed horizontally inward to the bottom of the newly forming vortex. As more hot air rushes in toward the developing vortex to replace the air that is rising, the spinning effect becomes further intensified and self-sustaining.<sup id="cite_ref-NWS_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A dust devil, fully formed, is a funnel-like chimney through which hot air moves, both upwards and in a circle. As the hot air rises, it cools, loses its buoyancy and eventually ceases to rise. As it rises, it displaces air which descends outside the core of the vortex. This cool air returning acts as a balance against the spinning hot-air outer wall and keeps the system stable.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The spinning effect, along with surface <a href="Friction" title="Friction">friction</a>, usually will produce a forward momentum. The dust devil may be sustained if it moves over nearby sources of hot surface air.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>As available hot air near the surface is channelled up the dust devil, eventually surrounding cooler air will be sucked in. Once it occurs, the effect is dramatic, and the dust devil dissipates in seconds. Usually it occurs when the dust devil is moving slowly (depletion) or begins to enter a terrain where the surface temperatures are cooler.<sup id="cite_ref-death-valley_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-death-valley-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Certain conditions increase the likelihood of dust devil formation.

</p>

<ul><li><b>Flat barren terrain, desert or tarmac:</b> Flat conditions increase the likelihood of the hot-air "fuel" being a near constant. Dusty or sandy conditions will cause particles to become caught up in the vortex, making the dust devil easily visible, but are not necessary for the formation of the vortex.</li>

<li><b>Clear skies or lightly cloudy conditions:</b> The surface needs to absorb significant amounts of solar energy to heat the air near the surface and create ideal dust devil conditions.</li>

<li><b>Light or no wind and cool atmospheric temperature:</b> The underlying factor for sustainability of a dust devil is the extreme difference in temperature between the near-surface air and the atmosphere. Windy conditions will destabilize the spinning effect of a dust devil.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intensity_and_duration">Intensity and duration</h2></div>

<p>Many dust devils are usually small and weak, often less than 3 feet (0.9 m) in diameter with maximum winds averaging about 45 miles per hour (70 km/h), and they often dissipate less than a minute after forming. On rare occasions, a dust devil can grow very large and intense, sometimes reaching a diameter of up to 300 feet (90 m) with winds in excess of 60 mph (100 km/h+) and can last for upwards of 20 minutes before dissipating.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of their small diameter, <a href="Coriolis_force" title="Coriolis force">Coriolis force</a> is not significant in the dust devil itself so dust devils with <a href="Anticyclonic_rotation" title="Anticyclonic rotation">anticyclonic rotation</a> do occur.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hazards">Hazards</h2></div>

<p>Dust devils typically do not cause injuries, but rare, severe dust devils have caused damage and even deaths in the past.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One such dust devil struck the <a href="Coconino_County%2C_Arizona" title="Coconino County, Arizona">Coconino County</a> Fairgrounds in <a href="Flagstaff%2C_Arizona" title="Flagstaff, Arizona">Flagstaff, Arizona</a>, on September 14, 2000, causing extensive damage to several temporary tents, stands and booths, as well as some permanent fairgrounds structures. Several injuries were reported, but there were no fatalities. Based on the degree of damage left behind, it is estimated that the dust devil produced winds as high as 75 mph (120 km/h), which is equivalent to an <a href="Enhanced_Fujita_Scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Enhanced Fujita Scale">EF0</a> tornado.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On May 19, 2003, a dust devil lifted the roof off a two-story building in <a href="Lebanon%2C_Maine" title="Lebanon, Maine">Lebanon, Maine</a>, causing it to collapse and kill a man inside.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 18, 2008, a woman near <a href="Casper%2C_Wyoming" title="Casper, Wyoming">Casper, Wyoming</a> was killed when a dust devil caused a small scorer's shed at a youth baseball field to flip on top of her. She had been trying to shelter from the dust devil by going behind the shed.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At East <a href="El_Paso%2C_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso, Texas</a> in 2010, three children in an <a href="Inflatable_castle" title="Inflatable castle">inflatable jump house</a> were picked up by a dust devil and lifted over 10 feet (3 m), travelling over a fence and landing in a backyard three houses away.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="Commerce_City%2C_Colorado" title="Commerce City, Colorado">Commerce City, Colorado</a> in 2018, a powerful dust devil hurtled two <a href="Chemical_toilet" title="Chemical toilet">porta-potties</a> into the air; no one was injured.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, a large dust devil in Yucheng county, Henan province, China killed 2 children and injured 18 children and 2 adults when an inflatable jump house was lifted into the air.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Dust devils have been implicated in around 100 aircraft accidents.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While many incidents have been simple taxiing problems, a few have had fatal consequences. Dust devils are also considered major hazards among <a href="Skydiving" class="mw-redirect" title="Skydiving">skydivers</a> and <a href="Paragliding" title="Paragliding">paragliding pilots</a> as they can cause a <a href="Parachute" title="Parachute">parachute</a> or a paraglider to collapse with little to no warning, at altitudes considered too low to <a href="Cut-away" title="Cut-away">cut away</a>, and contribute to the serious injury or death of parachutists.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such was the case on June 1, 1996, when a dust devil caused a skydiver's parachute to collapse about 30 feet (9.1 m) above the ground. He later died from the injuries he sustained.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dust devils can also contribute to wildfires. One case occurred in Engebæk, <a href="Billund_Municipality" title="Billund Municipality">Billund Municipality</a>, <a href="Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> in 1868 where a dust devil tossed tuft into a heater, causing a wildfire that possibly extended from 10,000 to 50,000 hectares or more.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electrical_activities">Electrical activities</h2></div>

<p>Dust devils, even small ones, can produce radio noise and electrical fields greater than 10,000 volts per meter.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A dust devil picks up small dirt and dust particles. As the particles whirl around, they become electrically charged through contact or frictional charging (<a href="Triboelectric_effect" title="Triboelectric effect">triboelectrification</a>). The whirling charged particles also create a magnetic field that fluctuates between 3 and 30 times each second.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>These electric fields may assist the vortices in lifting material off the ground and into the atmosphere. Field experiments indicate that a dust devil can lift 1 gram of dust per second from each square metre (10 lb/s from each acre) of ground over which it passes. A large dust devil measuring about 100 metres (330 ft) across at its base can lift about 15 metric tonnes (17 short tons) of dust into the air in 30 minutes. Giant dust storms that sweep across the world's deserts contribute 8% of the mineral dust in the atmosphere each year during the handful of storms that occur. In comparison, the significantly smaller dust devils that twist across the deserts during the summer lift about three times as much dust, thus having a greater combined impact on the dust content of the atmosphere. When this occurs, they are often called <b>sand pillars</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Martian_dust_devils">Martian dust devils</h2></div>

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</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:592px;max-width:592px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:235px;max-width:235px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Dust devil on <a href="Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> (<a href="Mars_Global_Surveyor" title="Mars Global Surveyor">MGS</a>)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:165px;max-width:165px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Dust devils cause twisting dark trails on the Martian surface.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:186px;max-width:186px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Serpent Dust Devil of Mars (<a href="Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter">MRO</a>)</div></div></div></div></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="Martian_dust_devils" title="Martian dust devils">Martian dust devils</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like "><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martian_dust_devils&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt">

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<p><a href="Martian_dust_devils" title="Martian dust devils">Martian dust devils</a> are convective <a href="Whirlwind" title="Whirlwind">atmospheric vortices</a> that occur on the surface of <a href="Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>. They were discovered from data reported by <a href="NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>'s <a href="Viking_program" title="Viking program">Viking probes</a>, and have been photographed by orbiting satellites and surface rovers in subsequent missions.

</p>

Although comparable to terrestrial dust devils in formation and appearance, Martian dust devils can be many times larger than ones found on <a href="Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>. They can be powerful enough to pose a threat to rovers and other technology,<sup id="cite_ref-Martian_dust_devils_unisci_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martian_dust_devils_unisci-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although some documented encounters have actually benefitted rovers by cleaning them of dust.</div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternate_names">Alternate names</h2></div>

<p>In Australia, a dust devil is more commonly known as "Willy willy".<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

In Ireland, dust devils are known as "sí gaoithe" or "fairy wind".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_phenomena">Related phenomena</h2></div>

<div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:792px;max-width:792px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:228px;max-width:228px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:169px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Snow <a href="Whirlwind_(atmospheric_phenomenon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Whirlwind (atmospheric phenomenon)">whirlwind</a> or devil, similar to a dust devil, seen on Mount Royal in <a href="Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, Canada</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:169px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Coal devil in <a href="Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:256px;max-width:256px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:169px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">An ash devil. The fire was in the Schell Creek and Antelope Mountain ranges.</div></div></div></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ash_devils">Ash devils</h3></div>

<p>Hot cinders underneath freshly deposited ash in recently burned areas may sometimes generate numerous dust devils. The lighter weight and the darker color of the ash may create dust devils that are visible hundreds of feet into the air.

</p><p>Ash devils form similar to dust devils and are often seen on <a href="Atmospheric_instability" title="Atmospheric instability">unstable</a> days in burn scar areas of recent fires.

</p><p>Coal devils are common at the <a href="Coal_town" title="Coal town">coal town</a> of Tsagaan Khad in <a href="%C3%96mn%C3%B6govi_Province" title="Ömnögovi Province">South Gobi Province</a>, <a href="Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a>. They occur when dust devils pick up large amounts of stockpiled coal. Their dark color makes them resemble some tornadoes.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fire_whirls">Fire whirls</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Fire_whirl" title="Fire whirl">Fire whirl</a></div>

<p>Fire whirls or swirls, sometimes called fire devils or fire tornadoes, can be seen during intense fires in combustible building structures or, more commonly, in forest or bush fires. A fire whirl is a vortex-shaped formation of burning gases being released from the combustible material. The genesis of the vortex is probably similar to a dust devil's. As distinct from the dust devil, it is improbable that the height reached by the fire gas vortex is greater than the visible height of the vertical flames because of turbulence in the surrounding gases that inhibit creation of a stable boundary layer between the rotating/rising gases relative to the surrounding gases.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hay_devils">Hay devils</h3></div>

<p>A "hay devil" is a gentle whirlwind that forms in the warm air above fields of freshly-cut <a href="Hay" title="Hay">hay</a>. A vortex forms from a column of hot air rising from the ground on calm, sunny days, tossing and swirling stalks and clumps of hay harmlessly through the air, often to the delight of children and onlookers.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Snow_devils">Snow devils</h3></div>

<p>The same conditions can produce a <i>snow whirlwind</i>, <i>snow devil</i>, or sometimes referred to as a "snownado", although differential heating is more difficult in snow-covered areas.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Steam_devils">Steam devils</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Steam_devil" title="Steam devil">Steam devil</a></div>

<p>Steam devils are a small vortex column of saturated air of varying height but small diameter forming when cold air lies over a much warmer body of water or saturated surface.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are also often observed in the steam rising from <a href="Power_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Power plant">power plants</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Handy_Weather_Answer_Book_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Handy_Weather_Answer_Book-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Dust_devil">"dust devil"</a>. <i>Glossary of Meteorology</i>. <a href="American_Meteorological_Society" title="American Meteorological Society">American Meteorological Society</a>. 2016.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090130003357/http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=dust-devil1"><i>Glossary of Meteorology</i></a>. <a href="American_Meteorological_Society" title="American Meteorological Society">American Meteorological Society</a>. 2000. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-878220-34-9</bdi>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=dust-devil1">the original</a> on 2009-01-30.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-NWS-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NWS_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/fgz/DustDevil">"Dust Devil"</a>. <i>weather.gov</i>. National Weather Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLudlum,_David_M.1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="David_M._Ludlum" title="David M. Ludlum">Ludlum, David M.</a> (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/audubonsocietyfi00ludl"><i>National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Weather</i></a></span>. Knopf. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-679-40851-2</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFThompson" class="citation web cs1">Thompson, Andrea. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-do-dust-devils-form/">"How Do Dust Devils Form?"</a>. <i>Scientific American</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-death-valley-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-death-valley_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030603164203/http://www.death-valley.us:80/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=559">"What is a Dust Devil?"</a>. <i>Death-Valley.us Forums</i>. May 20, 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.death-valley.us/article559.html">the original</a> on 2003-06-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120718220124/http://www.arizona-vacation-planner.com/dust-devils.html">"Dust Devils: Ephemeral Whirlwinds Can Stir Up Trouble"</a>. Arizona Vacation Planner. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arizona-vacation-planner.com/dust-devils.html">the original</a> on 2012-07-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-05</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230406175115/https://stormtrack.org/community/threads/anti-cyclonic-dust-devil.4270/">"Anti-Cyclonic Dust Devil?"</a>. 30 May 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stormtrack.org/community/threads/anti-cyclonic-dust-devil.4270/">the original</a> on 6 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/listevents.jsp?eventType=%28C%29+Dust+Devil&beginDate_mm=01&beginDate_dd=01&beginDate_yyyy=1950&endDate_mm=02&endDate_dd=28&endDate_yyyy=2022&hailfilter=0.00&tornfilter=0&windfilter=000&sort=DT&submitbutton=Search&statefips=-999%2CALL">"Dust Devil Events"</a>. <i>National Centers for Environmental Information</i>. National Weather Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/fgz/DustDevil">"Dust Devil"</a>. <i>www.weather.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~499035">NCDC: Event Details</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090129192229/http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~499035">Archived</a> 2009-01-29 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="National_Climatic_Data_Center" title="National Climatic Data Center">National Climatic Data Center</a>'.' Retrieved 2008-06-05.</i></span>

</li>

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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tpwmagazine.com/archive/2012/jul/LLL_dustdevils/">"Legend, Lore & Legacy: Dust Devils Swoop Up as Desert Sideshow|July 2012| TPW magazine"</a>. <i>tpwmagazine.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This rare weather incident was the subject of a <a href="United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> Weather Squadron study: Clarence Giles, "Air Force Weather Squadron forecasts, studies weather to keep servicemembers safe", <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518114436/http://fortblissbugle.com/air-force-weather-squadron-forecasts-studies-weather-to-keep-servicemembers-safe/">https://web.archive.org/web/20150518114436/http://fortblissbugle.com/air-force-weather-squadron-forecasts-studies-weather-to-keep-servicemembers-safe/</a> archived 2015-05-18 <i><a href="Fort_Bliss" title="Fort Bliss">Fort Bliss</a> Bugle</i>, Unit News p.1A (January 12, 2011)</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsweek.com/portable-toilet-port-potty-flying-viral-video-dust-devil-commerce-city-984655">"Watch: Portable toilets spiral into the sky as Colorado park-goers hide from windstorm"</a>. <i>Newsweek</i>. 19 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLane" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit">Lane, Damon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180616125948/http://texasstormwatch.com/2018/06/colorado-dust-devil-tosses-porta-potties.html">"Colorado Dust Devil Tosses Porta-Potties"</a>. <i>Texas Storm Watch</i>. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3004174/two-children-killed-when-bouncy-castle-swept-air-dust-devil">Two children killed after bouncy castle is swept into air by ‘dust devil’ in central China</a>, <i>South China Morning Post</i>, April 1, 2019</span>

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<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLorenz2005" class="citation journal cs1">Lorenz, Ralph (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~rlorenz/dustdevilaviation.pdf">"Dust Devil Hazard to Aviation: A Review of US Air Accident Reports"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Meteorology</i>. <b>28</b> (298): <span class="nowrap">178–</span>184<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Martian_dust_devils_unisci-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Martian_dust_devils_unisci_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSmithRenno,_Nilton2001" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Peter; Renno, Nilton (6 June 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120419074850/http://www.unisci.com/stories/20012/0606012.htm">"Studying Earth Dust Devils For Possible Mars Mission"</a>. UniSci News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unisci.com/stories/20012/0606012.htm">the original</a> on 19 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2006</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095808791">"fairy wind"</a>. <i>Oxford Reference</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-14</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jfsp.nifc.gov/conferenceproc/GISRS-12-AORadkeetal.pdf">Wildfire Modeling, IR Observations and Analysis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070327183634/http://jfsp.nifc.gov/conferenceproc/GISRS-12-AORadkeetal.pdf">Archived</a> 2007-03-27 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>

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</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/willy_willy" class="extiw external" title="wiktionary:willy willy">willy willy</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dust_devil" class="extiw external" title="commons:Dust devil"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Dust devil</span></a>.</div></div>

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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080614173937/http://www.inflowimages.com/ChaseReports/DustDevils/dustdevils.asp">Australian Dust Devil Photos</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Xia9Fk6k_k"><i>Dancing with the Devils</i> Video</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/solarsystem/mer-042105.html">Dust Devil Imaged by <i>Spirit</i> Rover on Mars</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160406025734/http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/IMP/Matador/">Matador Dust Devil Project</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070205230657/http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~lemmon/mer_dd.html">Page with many movies</a> of Martian dust devils as seen by Spirit, with enhanced images as well as ratings.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170607133912/http://www.lbk.ars.usda.gov/wewc/biblio/bar.htm">The Bibliography of Aeolian Research</a></li></ul>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cyclones_and_anticyclones_of_the_world_(centers_of_action)469" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cyclones_and_anticyclones_of_the_world_(centers_of_action)469" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Cyclone" title="Cyclone">Cyclones</a> and <a href="Anticyclone" class="mw-redirect" title="Anticyclone">anticyclones</a> of the world (<a href="Centers_of_action" title="Centers of action">centers of action</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anticyclonic_storm" title="Anticyclonic storm">Anticyclonic storm</a></li>

<li><a href="Storm" title="Storm">Storm</a></li>

<li><a href="High-pressure_area" title="High-pressure area">High-pressure area</a></li>

<li><a href="Low-pressure_area" title="Low-pressure area">Low-pressure area</a></li>

<li><a href="Rapid_intensification" title="Rapid intensification">Rapid intensification</a></li>

<li><a href="Explosive_cyclogenesis" title="Explosive cyclogenesis">Explosive cyclogenesis</a></li>

<li><a href="Central_dense_overcast" title="Central dense overcast">Central dense overcast</a></li>

<li><a href="Annular_tropical_cyclone" title="Annular tropical cyclone">Annular tropical cyclone</a></li>

<li><a href="Bar_(tropical_cyclone)" title="Bar (tropical cyclone)">Bar (tropical cyclone)</a></li>

<li><a href="Superstorm" class="mw-redirect" title="Superstorm">Superstorm</a></li>

<li><a href="Hypercane" title="Hypercane">Hypercane</a></li>

<li><a href="Tropical_cyclones_and_climate_change" title="Tropical cyclones and climate change">Tropical cyclones and climate change</a></li>

<li><a href="Post-tropical_cyclone" title="Post-tropical cyclone">Post-tropical cyclone</a></li>

<li><a href="Sting_jet" title="Sting jet">Sting jet</a>

<li><a href="Rainband" title="Rainband">Rainband</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Anticyclone" class="mw-redirect" title="Anticyclone">Anticyclone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern Hemisphere</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Polar_high" title="Polar high">North Polar High</a></li>

<li><a href="Siberian_High" title="Siberian High">Siberian High</a></li>

<li><a href="Azores_High" title="Azores High">Azores High</a></li>

<li><a href="North_American_High" title="North American High">North American High</a></li>

<li><a href="North_Pacific_High" title="North Pacific High">North Pacific High</a></li>

<li><a href="Ridiculously_Resilient_Ridge" title="Ridiculously Resilient Ridge">Ridiculously Resilient Ridge</a></li>

<li><a href="Subtropical_ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical ridge">Subtropical ridge</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern Hemisphere</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Polar_high" title="Polar high">South Polar High</a></li>

<li><a href="South_Atlantic_High" title="South Atlantic High">South Atlantic High</a></li>

<li><a href="South_Pacific_High" title="South Pacific High">South Pacific High</a></li>

<li><a href="Kalahari_High" title="Kalahari High">Kalahari High</a></li>

<li><a href="Australian_High" title="Australian High">Australian High</a></li>

<li><a href="Subtropical_ridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical ridge">Subtropical ridge</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cyclone" title="Cyclone">Cyclone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="wraplinks"><a href="Synoptic_scale_meteorology" title="Synoptic scale meteorology">Synoptic scale</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="wrap">Surface-based</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Polar_low" title="Polar low">Polar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Polar_low" title="Polar low">North Polar low</a></li>

<li><a href="Polar_low" title="Polar low">South Polar low</a></li>

<li><a href="Great_Arctic_Cyclone_of_2012" title="Great Arctic Cyclone of 2012">Great Arctic Cyclone of 2012</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Extratropical_cyclones" class="mw-redirect" title="Extratropical cyclones">Extratropical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="wrap">North America</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Continental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lee Cyclone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="Alberta_clipper" title="Alberta clipper">Alberta clipper</a></span></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="Colorado_low" title="Colorado low">Colorado low</a></span></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks">Great Basin low</span></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks">Bighorn Low</span></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="Panhandle_hook" title="Panhandle hook">Panhandle hook</a></span></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="November_gale" title="November gale">November gale</a></span></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceanic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aleutian_Low" title="Aleutian Low">Aleutian Low</a></li>

<li>Hatteras low</li>

<li><a href="Nor'easter" title="Nor'easter">Nor'easter</a></li>

<li><a href="Pacific_Northwest_windstorm" title="Pacific Northwest windstorm">Pacific Northwest windstorm</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Icelandic_Low" title="Icelandic Low">Icelandic Low</a></li>

<li><a href="Genoa_low" title="Genoa low">Genoa low</a></li>

<li><a href="European_windstorm" title="European windstorm">European windstorm</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Asiatic_Low" title="Asiatic Low">Asiatic Low</a></li>

<li><a href="Western_Disturbance" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Disturbance">Western Disturbance</a></li>

<li>Continental North Asian storms</li>

<li>East Asian-northwest Pacific storms</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="wrap">Southern Hemisphere</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="October_2022_Southern_Ocean_cyclone" title="October 2022 Southern Ocean cyclone">Southern Ocean cyclone</a></li>

<li><a href="Sudestada" title="Sudestada">Sudestada</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Subtropical_cyclone" title="Subtropical cyclone">Subtropical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Kona_storm" title="Kona storm">Kona storm</a></li>

<li><a href="Australian_east_coast_low" title="Australian east coast low">Australian east coast low</a></li>

<li><a href="Black_nor'easter" title="Black nor'easter">Black nor'easter</a></li>

<li><a href="1996_Lake_Huron_cyclone" title="1996 Lake Huron cyclone">Lake Huron cyclone</a></li>

<li><a href="Mediterranean_tropical-like_cyclone" title="Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone">Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone</a></li>

<li><a href="Thermal_low" title="Thermal low">Thermal</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">Tropical</a> <br>(<a href="Outline_of_tropical_cyclones" title="Outline of tropical cyclones">Outline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="wrap">Northern Hemisphere</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="Atlantic_hurricane" title="Atlantic hurricane">Atlantic hurricane</a></span>

<ul><li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="Cape_Verde_hurricane" title="Cape Verde hurricane">Cape Verde hurricane</a></span></li></ul></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="Pacific_hurricane" title="Pacific hurricane">Pacific hurricane</a></span></li>

<li><a href="Typhoon" title="Typhoon">Typhoon</a></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="North_Indian_Ocean_tropical_cyclone" title="North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone">North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone</a></span></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="Mediterranean_tropical-like_cyclone" title="Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone">Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone</a></span></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="Black_Sea_tropical-like_cyclone" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Sea tropical-like cyclone">Black Sea tropical-like cyclone</a></span></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="wrap">Southern Hemisphere</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="South-West_Indian_Ocean_tropical_cyclone" title="South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone">South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone</a></span></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="Australian_region_tropical_cyclone" title="Australian region tropical cyclone">Australian region tropical cyclone</a></span></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="South_Pacific_tropical_cyclone" title="South Pacific tropical cyclone">South Pacific tropical cyclone</a></span></li>

<li><span class="wraplinks"><a href="South_Atlantic_tropical_cyclone" title="South Atlantic tropical cyclone">South Atlantic tropical cyclone</a></span></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Upper level</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Polar_vortex" title="Polar vortex">Polar vortex</a></li>

<li><a href="Upper_tropospheric_cyclonic_vortex" title="Upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex">Upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Mesoscale_meteorology" title="Mesoscale meteorology">Mesoscale</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Eddy_(fluid_dynamics)#Mesoscale_ocean_eddies" title="Eddy (fluid dynamics)">Mesoscale ocean eddies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Catalina_eddy" title="Catalina eddy">Catalina eddy</a></li>

<li><a href="Haida_Eddies" title="Haida Eddies">Haida Eddies</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Mesoscale_convective_system" title="Mesoscale convective system">Mesoscale convective system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Mesohigh" title="Mesohigh">Mesohigh</a></li>

<li><a href="Mesoscale_convective_vortex" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesoscale convective vortex">Mesoscale convective vortex</a>

<ul><li><a href="Line_echo_wave_pattern" title="Line echo wave pattern">Line echo wave pattern</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Whirlwind" title="Whirlwind">Whirlwind</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Mesocyclone" title="Mesocyclone">Mesocyclone</a>

<ul><li><a href="Supercell" title="Supercell">Supercell</a></li>

<li><a href="Mini-supercell" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini-supercell">Low-topped supercell</a></li>

<li><a href="Wall_cloud" title="Wall cloud">Wall cloud</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Funnel_cloud" title="Funnel cloud">Funnel cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Tornado" title="Tornado">Tornado</a>

<ul><li><a href="Multiple-vortex_tornado" title="Multiple-vortex tornado">Multiple-vortex tornado</a></li>

<li><a href="Satellite_tornado" title="Satellite tornado">Satellite tornado</a></li>

<li><a href="Anticyclonic_tornado" title="Anticyclonic tornado">Anticyclonic tornado</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Landspout" title="Landspout">Landspout</a></li>

<li><a href="Waterspout" title="Waterspout">Waterspout</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gustnado" title="Gustnado">Gustnado</a></li>

<li><a href="Steam_devil" title="Steam devil">Steam devil</a></li>

<li><a href="Fire_whirl" title="Fire whirl">Fire whirl</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span> </span><a href="Portal%3ATropical_cyclones" title="Portal:Tropical cyclones">Tropical cyclones portal</a></b></li>

<li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="skin-invert-image noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> </span><a href="Portal%3ATornadoes" title="Portal:Tornadoes">Tornadoes portal</a></b></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

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